Sponsored briefing: Doing business in Iraq

When considering business opportunities in Iraq, it’s important to acknowledge the potential for economic growth and the favourable investment environment. Iraq stands out as the fastest-growing Arab country, attracting the attention of global investors.

An indication of Iraq’s progress is its successful hosting of the Khaleeji 25, a prominent international event. This achievement has directly contributed to the country’s economic advancement, enticing a significant influx of foreign investors who recognise the vast array of opportunities across various sectors. Furthermore, Iraq has fostered collaborative partnerships by concluding multiple contracts with foreign investors and countries, emphasising its commitment to attracting external capital and stimulating economic expansion.

Recent developments Iraq, a country abundant in valuable resources and strategically positioned, is making significant progress that is set to transform its business environment. With a strong focus on promotion and economic growth, Iraq has recently implemented a range of initiatives to attract foreign investment, organise governmental processes, and foster a favourable atmosphere for business success.

Construction sector developments

Recent developments in the construction sector hold promising prospects for bolstering economic growth in Iraq. One notable initiative is the ‘Development Road Project’, a significant undertaking unveiled by the Iraqi government. With an estimated budget of approximately $17bn, this project aims to enhance infrastructure across the country. The project could be completed by 2029. As well as this there are a number of projects in several areas of the construction sector, such as the $82m Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project and the Ur tourist city project which is considered a potential global tourist attraction.

Significant contract secured to build Iraq’s largest oil storage facility

Recently, Iraq successfully secured a substantial contract to build a storage facility in Nasiriyah city, underscoring its unwavering dedication to expanding the energy industry. This facility is planned to be constructed on expansive land measuring around 2.5 million sq m2. It has been meticulously designed to effectively store a remarkable quantity of approximately 3.2 million barrels of crude oil, which will be distributed to multiple countries as part of the export process. This strategic investment serves as a testament to Iraq’s ambition to expand its oil infrastructure and solidify its prominent position as a leading global oil producer. The construction of this facility offers highly attractive prospects for international investors seeking lucrative opportunities within Iraq’s thriving energy sector.

Automation revolutionising state ministries

Iraq is embarking on a path of digital transformation by embracing automation in various state ministries. Prominently, the Ministry of Trade, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Minerals have successfully adopted automation systems, revolutionised their operations and enhanced efficiency. Through the implementation of advanced technologies and digitised processes, Iraq aims to streamline administrative procedures and foster a more business-friendly environment. This modernisation drive facilitates faster decision-making, improves accountability and enables seamless interaction between the government and businesses.

Drafting a new law regulating electronic payments Iraq acknowledges the crucial role of electronic payments in facilitating efficient financial transactions in addition to promoting transparency procedures. Recently, the Iraqi Cabinet has agreed to draft a law to regulate electronic payments in Iraq. By embracing electronic payments, Iraq aims to enhance financial inclusion, promote transparency and unlock the potential for e-commerce growth. This development is expected to boost investor confidence and encourage the adoption of modern payment systems, positioning Iraq as a technologically advanced and digitally connected market.

Drafting a new law on public-private partnerships

Drafting the Public-Private Partnerships Law is considered a promising step for investors in Iraq. Iraq recognised the importance of drafting a law that regulates public-private partnerships (PPPs) in driving economic expansion; as a result, the Iraqi Parliament started the discussion of the PPP Law draft last November. This forward-looking legislation intends to promote collaboration between the public sector and private sector, enabling infrastructure development, enhancing public services, establishing mutually beneficial partnerships, and promoting a fertile environment for investments. By establishing transparent procedures and clear guidelines, this new law will provide investors with a solid-built framework to engage in long-term projects and contribute to Iraq’s economic progress.

Country’s growth

Iraq has witnessed remarkable economic progress, establishing itself as the fastest-growing country in the Arab region and the second globally. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has acknowledged Iraq’s exceptional performance by ranking it second worldwide, boasting an impressive growth rate of 9.3%.

This economic surge can be attributed to several key factors. First, Iraq is considered to be a major global exporter of crude oil, with a daily average production of 4.6 million barrels. Moreover, the rise in oil prices by 40% has further contributed to this growth. Additionally, the improvement in the infrastructure sector has led to impressive growth in several cities.

Furthermore, the thriving digital communication sector has emerged as another contributing factor to Iraq’s progress. Additionally, an initiative by the Central Bank, valued at IQD 19 trillion (equivalent to $13bn), has provided substantial support for housing loans and youth-oriented projects. These measures have significantly bolstered Iraq’s economic expansion.

These factors have driven Iraq’s economy to new heights, marking a period of remarkable progress and prosperity. With its strong growth potential, Iraq offers plentiful investment opportunities and holds a prominent position in the global economy.

The legal system in Iraq

Iraq is a civil law country with elements of Sharia law, alongside statutes and regulations, making it an attractive destination for investors seeking a solid legal framework. Sharia constitutes the tertiary source of Iraqi law, following legislative statutes and customary practices, within the framework of the Iraqi legal system. However, it is worth noting that Iraq is not an Islamic system and the major impact of Sharia is manifested in the substantive provisions of the Personal Status Law and the Islamic Banking Law.

The Iraqi Constitution of 2005 holds paramount authority, rendering any legal provision contradictory to the Constitution null and void, while also ensuring the unity of Iraq’s territory. As a federal country, Iraq consists of a central government and the Kurdistan Regional Government. The central government retains authority over defence, foreign policy, the external representation of the country and the investment of its resources while Kurdistan has jurisdiction over areas like education and healthcare in the Kurdistan region.

The legal system in Iraq justifies the principles of the rule of law, ensuring that laws are applied uniformly and fairly to all individuals. As a result, applying the rule of law principle leads to stability, predictability and accountability, which promotes trust in the justice system.

The presence of a comprehensive legal structure fosters assurance and transparency in business dealings, contractual obligations and ownership rights. This stimulates both local and international capital investment, propelling economic advancement, and nurturing a secure climate for commercial activities.

Employment regulations

Iraq offers a robust legal framework for employment, providing investors with a solid ground to establish and operate businesses.

The Federal Iraqi Labour Law No. 37 of 2015 governs the employment relationship within the private sector in Federal Iraq, ensuring rights and obligations for both employers and employees. With its broad applicability regardless of nationality, Iraqi labour law extends its protective applicability to both foreign and domestic employees in Iraq. By encompassing essential aspects such as wages, working hours, leave entitlements and working conditions, the Iraqi labour law promotes fair treatment and inclusivity.

Employment agreements hold significant weight as legally binding contracts that grant both employers and employees essential rights and obligations. These agreements can be established through oral or written manners, as permitted by the Federal Iraqi Labour Law. However, written contracts must adhere to specific minimum requirements, encompassing crucial details such as employee details including name and place of residency, employment nature and duration, remuneration terms, working hours, and more. To ensure a harmonious and conflict-free employment relationship, seeking legal guidance when drafting written employment contracts is highly recommended.

Adhering to the registration requirements for pension and social security in Iraq is crucial to avoid significant penalties for employers. All employees are required to be duly registered with the Pension and Social Security Department. Recent developments, including the approval of the new Law of Pension and Social Security by the Iraqi parliament, reinforce the importance of this requirement and grant additional rights and benefits to workers.

The judicial system in Iraq demonstrates its strength through the application of the labour law and pension and social security law. Iraqi courts exhibit a strong commitment to upholding the law and ensuring compliance. This robust legal framework provides a solid foundation for investors, assuring them that their rights and responsibilities related to labour law, pension and social security law, and any laws related to their work will be respected. By complying with laws’ requirements and taking advantage of recent legislative advancements, investors can confidently navigate the employment landscape in Iraq, knowing that the judicial system is dedicated to safeguarding their interests and ensuring fairness for all parties involved.

Foreign investment

Foreign investment in Iraq plays a vital role in the country’s economic growth and development. The Iraqi government, recognising the significance of foreign capital inflows, has implemented robust legal frameworks to attract and protect foreign investments. These measures aim to create a favourable business environment, foster technological transfer, stimulate economic diversification, and move forward the private sector.

The Investment Law No.13 of 2006 underwent subsequent amendments to enhance its efficacy. The last amendment was in 2015, by issuing the Investment Law No. 50 of 2015. One of the key benefits offered under the Investment Law is the exemption from taxes and fees for a substantial period. Upon commencing commercial operations, each phase of the project establishment enjoys a tax and fee exemption for ten years. This allows investors to maximise their returns and reinvest in the growth of their ventures. Furthermore, the duration of tax and fee exemptions can be extended for up to 15 years if the Iraqi investor’s participation exceeds 50%, which supports collaboration with local partners and fosters long-term success. It is worth mentioning that the Investment Law permits the employment of foreign workers alongside local labour, facilitating efficient project operations while encouraging knowledge transfer and cultural exchange.

Residential investment projects receive special attention, since these kinds of projects benefit from exemptions on release fees, real estate registration fees and guaranteed transfer fees for residential units to citizens.

These measures streamline the development of housing projects and support the growth of the real estate sector, enhancing accessibility to housing for the local population.

The Investment Law also grants exemptions from taxes and customs duties on imported raw materials used in commercial operations, such as ration cards, medical supplies and construction materials, provided they meet environmentally friendly standards. The level of exemption is determined by the materials’ contribution to local products, promoting local production and self-sufficiency.

To ensure the security of investments, the Investment Law offers protection against confiscation or nationalisation of investment projects, except in cases determined by a court order. This provision assures foreign investors that their assets and ownership rights will be respected and safeguarded. Moreover, foreign investors who secure an investment licence from the National Investment Commission are eligible for valuable tax exemptions in Iraq. It is worth noting that the establishment and operation of businesses in Iraq need not hinge on local ownership, as foreign companies are empowered to establish subsidiaries and operate independently. However, it is prudent to bear in mind that certain industries may entail specific ownership requirements to obtain licences and approvals, thereby ensuring a balanced approach, particularly in sectors such as pharmaceuticals.

Dispute resolution in foreign investment contracts

In order to ensure fairness and transparency, the Investment Law encompasses provisions that establish effective mechanisms for resolving disputes. Investors are provided with methods to settle conflicts with the National Investment Commission, employees and other relevant authorities involved in the licensing process. Importantly, the law explicitly recognises and enables both Iraqi and international arbitration as viable means of dispute resolution in numerous circumstances. This invaluable provision equips investors with a dependable and efficient recourse for resolving conflicts.

Restrictions

With all the facilities that the government offers to investors, it is important to take into account some restrictions enforced in Iraq. The Iraqi Central Bank requires adherence to US sanctions imposed by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). Adhering to OFAC’s sanctions and other international regulations ensures that investors align themselves with global norms and standards. In addition, the Central Bank maintains a blacklist that must be adhered to by all entities operating in Iraq.

It’s worth noting that Iraq actively participates in the boycott of Israel and executes three parts of the boycott that impose restrictions on commercial activities:

• Primary: Iraqi individuals and entities are strictly prohibited from engaging in any form of business transactions, including buying, selling or conducting any type of trade, with the Israeli government, citizens, residents or companies.
• Secondary: Iraqi businesses face stringent prohibitions that prevent them from entering into any transactions or engaging in commercial dealings with the Israeli government, Israeli individuals, residents or corporations.
• Tertiary: Iraqi enterprises are explicitly barred from engaging in business interactions with organisations that are associated in any way with the entities affected by the secondary boycott.

Investment opportunities

Iraq stands out as a promising investment destination, boasting enticing prospects across diverse sectors. The country’s abundant natural resources, notably its significant reserves of oil and gas, hold great potential for profitable returns. With Iraq ranking among the world’s top oil producers, investors are drawn to the opportunities available in energy, encompassing exploration, production and the development of essential infrastructure.

In addition to the energy sector, Iraq’s infrastructure presents lucrative investment opportunities. The country requires significant upgrades and modernisation in transportation, power generation, water and sanitation, and telecommunications. These infrastructure projects offer investors a chance to contribute to Iraq’s development while reaping long-term benefits.

One notable development is the announcement by the Iraqi Prime Minister regarding the construction of new cities. This goes beyond merely residential compounds and showcases the government’s commitment to creating vibrant urban centres that cater to various needs and industries. This ambitious undertaking creates a favourable environment for investors looking to capitalise on the growth potential of these new cities.

Furthermore, Iraq has placed significant emphasis on nurturing closer ties with Saudi Arabia. A recent delegation visit to Baghdad paved the way for enhanced collaboration between the two countries, encompassing productive discussions on economic and investment matters. This visit not only strengthened bilateral relations but also marked a significant milestone in Iraqi-Saudi trade relations, presenting lucrative prospects for investors. It is worth mentioning that recently Saudi Arabia decide to invest around $3bn into Iraqi businesses, with a budget of approximately $1bn allocated to build one of the biggest construction projects in Iraq, underscoring the trust and confidence placed in the Iraqi market.

As well as this, Iraq’s government has made significant advancements in strengthening its global connections, fostering a favourable investment environment. This piece highlights ongoing efforts to bolster international relations, providing investors with insights into potential benefits and opportunities. A recent visit by an Emirati delegation, comprising businessmen and investors, signifies its commitment to expanding economic cooperation. The visit underscores the significance placed on fostering mutual economic growth and reflects a strong bond between the two nations, as expressed by the delegation. It is worth noting that similar efforts are being made in several countries, both in Europe and the Arab region, to enhance economic collaborations, for instance, the Economic Cooperation Convention between Iraq and Hungary and the comprehensive strategic partnership between Iraq and France.

It is important to highlight that Iraq’s continuous implementation of economic reforms, along with its enhanced security situation and proactive measures to attract foreign investment, create a conducive investment environment. These favourable conditions, coupled with Iraq’s advantageous geographic position and its potential as a regional trade hub, significantly augment the appeal of investment prospects within the country.

Exploring investment opportunities in Iraq’s communication and media sector

Iraq’s communication and media sector presents lucrative investment prospects for discerning investors seeking promising ventures in a rapidly evolving market. With the establishment of the Communications and Media Commission (CMC) under Order No. 65, Iraq has embarked on a path of regulatory reform and infrastructure development, opening up avenues for growth and profitability.

Regulatory Framework and Market Authority

Under Order No. 65 and in accordance with Iraqi constitutional law, the CMC is an independent and non-profit administrative institution tasked with regulating and licensing telecommunications, broadcasting, information services and other media activities in Iraq. The CMC operates under the principles of objectivity, transparency, non-discrimination, proportionality and due process, ensuring a fair and conducive environment for businesses.

Market landscape and opportunities

The Iraqi communication and media market offers a wide range of opportunities for investors. The State Company for Internet Services (SCIS) and the Iraqi Telecommunications and Post Company (ITPC), overseen by the Ministry of Communications (MoC), manage critical aspects of the sector’s infrastructure. Investing in areas such as internet connectivity, digital communication, wireless technologies and fiber-optic networks can yield substantial returns, considering the growing demand and limited competition.

Licensing and operational considerations

In order to establish operations in Iraq’s communication and media sector, companies must obtain licences from the CMC. It is important to highlight that these licences are typically valid for one year, although in certain cases companies may have the opportunity to secure a five-year licence. Entities involved in utilising VSAT and GMPCS systems, as well as engaging in the sale, trading, and maintenance of communication devices and related activities, are subject to this licensing requirement.

To ensure a successful and sustainable business operation, strict adherence to licensing requirements, acquiring necessary approvals, and compliance with CMC regulations are of utmost importance. Furthermore, it is crucial to note that the CMC imposes specific requirements on companies operating in this sector. One such requirement is that all servers used by these companies must be exclusively located in Iraq. Companies have the option to either possess their own servers or lease host servers. However, it is mandatory to obtain the necessary approvals and permissions from the CMC and the competent authority to utilise these servers.

Complying with these licensing and operational considerations not only ensures legal compliance but also contributes to fostering a conducive business environment and facilitates the seamless operation of communication and media ventures in Iraq.

Penalties and regulatory compliance

To ensure a level playing field and maintain industry standards, the CMC imposes penalties for non-compliance. These penalties may include fines and, in severe cases, licence withdrawal. It is crucial for investors to prioritise adherence to regulations, including licence renewal, acquiring necessary approvals, and demonstrating compliance with CMC guidelines to avoid any disruption to their business operations.

Taxation in Iraq

When exploring business prospects in Iraq, it is crucial for investors to have a comprehensive understanding of the taxation landscape and its implications on their operations. Iraq presents a wealth of investment opportunities, and a solid grasp of the tax environment is key to ensuring successful ventures.

Taxation factors for non-resident companies

The current tax law in Iraq, as defined by Law No. 113 of 1982 amended (Income Tax Law), outlines the specific factors that establish a taxable presence for non-resident companies. By strategically addressing these factors and gaining a deep understanding of their implications, businesses can effectively manage their tax obligations and optimise profitability in Iraq.

A non-resident company must meet at least one of the following criteria to be subject to taxes in Iraq:

1. Contract signing: if the contract signing for work execution occurs within the borders of Iraq, it establishes a taxable presence.
2. Work execution: the performance of work in the Iraqi territory creates a taxable presence.
3. Delivery of goods or services: the provision of goods or services in Iraq contributes to a taxable presence.
4. Payment receipt: receiving payment for work conducted in Iraq solidifies the taxable presence.

For any entity that meets one or more of these criteria, its operations will be considered a taxable presence.

Tax benefits

Companies that effectively avoid all four factors mentioned above can be classified as ‘doing business with Iraq’ rather than ‘in Iraq’. Such companies can benefit from tax advantages and exemptions, fostering a more favourable investment climate.

Corporate Income Tax (CIT)

Iraq imposes a flat rate of 15% for corporate income tax (CIT) on taxable profits from all sources, excluding oil and gas companies, which are subject to a 35% rate. This competitive tax rate creates an environment conducive to business growth and profitability.

Withholding tax

When non-resident vendors or service providers participate in work activities and generate income within Iraq, it becomes the obligation of the Iraqi entity acting as the customer to retain the necessary tax amount from the payments made. The withholding rates are subject to variability, contingent upon the specific nature of the undertaken activities, typically spanning from 1.8% to 10%. This particular system ensures adherence to tax obligations while concurrently facilitating optimal management of cash flow for businesses.

Employee income tax employers

Under the tax regulations in Iraq, employers have the responsibility to withhold the appropriate amount of employee income tax. This tax is determined based on graduated brackets, with rates ranging from 3% to 15%. The withheld funds must be submitted to the Direct Deductions Department (DDD) of the General Commission of Taxes (GCT) within the specified deadline of the fifteenth day of the subsequent month. Additionally, employers must meet their obligation to submit annual reports regarding employee income tax before the designated deadline of March 31st each year. Ensuring accurate reporting is crucial, as the DDD may conduct comprehensive assessments to verify compliance with the requirements pertaining to employee income tax.

Compliance and reporting

To guarantee full compliance with the tax regulations of Iraq, it is imperative for entities that are officially registered and engaged in business activities within the country to duly fulfil the registration procedure with the General Commission of Taxes (GCT) and acquire an exclusive Tax Identification Number (TIN). Such entities are bound by the obligation to meticulously prepare financial statements in Arabic, the local language, in strict accordance with either the Iraqi Unified Accounting System (IUAS) or the local Iraqi GAAP. These financial statements, along with the obligatory CIT return, must be punctually submitted on an annual basis to the GCT, satisfying the essential requirements for compliance and reporting.

Franchise opportunities in Iraq

Franchising is considered one of the most promising sectors in Iraq, offering significant opportunities for investors. This is primarily attributed to Iraq’s impressive economic growth, positioning it as the fastest-growing economy among the Arabic countries. Additionally, the stable security situation in the country creates a favourable environment for franchises to flourish.

In recent years, many franchises have entered the Iraqi market and experienced remarkable success. This shows that franchising is a profitable business model in Iraq. As the consumer market expands and people’s purchasing power increases, there is a growing demand for various products and services. This creates excellent opportunities for franchise businesses to thrive and succeed.

In 2017 Iraq regulated a new law, Commercial Agencies Law No.79 of 2016, In order to promote the commercial agency sector, which incorporated significant changes in line with developments in this field. The new law ensures faster, easier and more secure procedures. One of the most important provisions stated in the current law is that, unlike the previous law, the definition of commercial agencies now extends to include franchise agreements and distribution agreements, as well as actual agencies. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that the previous law did not regulate the termination of the commercial agency contract, whereas the current law explicitly states that the termination of the commercial agency contract is only permissible for a valid reason.

In 2020 a new regulation came into force, Regulation No.2 of 2020, which defines the franchise as a contractual arrangement where the foreign principal grants the Iraqi franchisee the right to use intellectual property rights for local production and marketing under the franchisor’s supervision.

As well as this, Regulation No.2 of 2020 set a number of specific procedures that should be adhered to in order to register a franchise or any commercial agencies; for instance, to initiate the registration of a franchise the commercial agent or distributor typically needs to submit an authenticated and verified copy of the commercial agency or distribution agreement to the Registrar of Companies or the Commercial Agencies Department. This requirement ensures that the legal framework surrounding the franchise agreement is securely established, fostering a sense of trust and transparency between the parties involved.

It should be highlighted that registering a franchise in Iraq presents an attractive opportunity for investors, as it places the responsibility on the commercial agent rather than the principal. This distinction provides a favourable advantage to potential franchisees, as any penalties for non-registration are borne by the agent rather than the franchise owner.

The ease of registering a franchise in Iraq reflects the country’s commitment to fostering a favourable business environment. This investor-friendly approach demonstrates the government’s understanding of the benefits associated with franchising; by simplifying the registration process and placing responsibility on the agent, Iraq becomes an appealing destination for franchise investment, ensuring trust, security and a worthy experience.

The health and pharmaceutical sector in Iraq: Opportunities for investors

The health and pharmaceutical sector in Iraq presents promising opportunities for investors seeking to enter this thriving market. Governed by strict regulations and overseen by the Ministry of Health, engaging in this sector requires a comprehensive understanding of the legal framework and operational considerations.

Licensing requirements

To operate in Iraq’s health and pharmaceutical sector, obtaining the necessary licences from competent authorities is mandatory. The Ministry of Health, in collaboration with the Syndicate of Iraqi Pharmacists and the State Company for Marketing Drugs and Medical Appliances (KIMADIA), plays a crucial role in regulating and overseeing commercial activities within the pharmaceutical industry.

Importation and distribution

Importing pharmaceutical products into Iraq must be carried out exclusively through Iraqi-registered third parties, known as ‘scientific bureaus’, in accordance with Pharmaceutical Law ‘Federal Law No. 40 of 1970’ and associated regulations ‘Regulations No. 4 of 1998’. These scientific bureaus are responsible for promoting pharmaceutical products, ensuring compliance with regulations, and facilitating their distribution to authorised entities.

Role of KIMADIA

In the context of government procurement, KIMADIA is the sole institution authorised to acquire pharmaceutical products for Iraq’s federal government. While KIMADIA prefers to collaborate with Iraqi-authorised scientific offices for procurement purposes, it also has the capacity to engage directly with non-Iraqi suppliers or marketers as agents for exporting companies. This allows for flexibility in sourcing pharmaceutical items while maintaining compliance with the regulations.

Permitted business entities

The Iraqi legal framework distinguishes several permitted entities involved in the health and pharmaceutical industry, each with specific roles and responsibilities:

Pharmacy: Pharmacies are authorised facilities that manufacture and retail drugs, prepared prescription drugs, chemicals and other approved formulas intended for use in Iraq.

Scientific bureau: Scientific bureaus serve as authorised locations for the promotion, importation and sale of drugs, medical equipment and raw materials to pharmacies. They are also permitted to represent up to five manufacturing and distribution businesses before the Ministry of Health, facilitating their registration.

Drug store: Licensed drug stores operate as establishments authorised solely for the storage and distribution of medications to pharmacies and other authorised entities.

Licensing for entities

Entities engaging in the health and pharmaceutical sector must adhere to specific licensing requirements. Pharmacies, for example, can only be established and operated by Iraqi pharmacists holding valid licences from the Syndicate of Iraqi Pharmacists. It is essential for shareholders of a pharmacy to be Iraqi pharmacists, and any deviation from this requirement is considered null and void under Iraqi legislation.

Manufacturers and drug stores can obtain licences under Article 9 (2) of the Practicing Pharmacy Profession Law No. 40 of 1970, provided that Iraqis hold at least 51% of the shares of the relevant organisation. These licences remain valid as long as the aforementioned criterion is met. However, it is important to note that the Registrar of Companies has not yet approved the incorporation of such companies. Furthermore, transferring the licence of a scientific bureau to another party is strictly prohibited by law.

Conclusion

Iraq’s favourable investment climate, supported by a solid legal framework and a thriving economy, presents an alluring prospect for investors. Its strategic location, coupled with abundant resources, creates a platform for success. As Iraq proactively pursues economic reforms and enhances international relations, now is the opportune moment to capitalise on untapped potential and embrace a prosperous investment journey in Iraq.

Salt for Legal Services LLC

If you’re seeking investment opportunities or planning to do business in Iraq and require expert legal services, Salt for Legal Services LLC is here to assist you. With our extensive experience spanning over 40 years, we offer comprehensive legal support for establishing your presence, ensuring compliance, handling foreign judgment enforcement and providing tax advisory services.

Our reputable law firm operates in Iraq and the wider Middle East region, serving international and local businesses as well as prominent individuals. Contact Salt for Legal Services LLC to begin your journey toward success.